Modern Maritime Law and Risk Management
CHAPTER 19
CIVIL LIABILITY FOR MARINE POLLUTION, DAMAGE BY HAZARDOUS/NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES, NUCLEAR INCIDENTS AND COMPENSATION
CIVIL LIABILITY FOR MARINE POLLUTION, DAMAGE BY HAZARDOUS/NOXIOUS SUBSTANCES, NUCLEAR INCIDENTS AND COMPENSATION
This chapter, contributed by Elizabeth Blackburn QC,1 provides an overview of the international liability system relating to pollution at sea. For the rules and regulations made at the regional level by the European Union concerning environmental protection and maritime safety, including the Criminalisation Directive and Framework Decision for ship-source pollution, , below.1 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS CONCERNED WITH POLLUTION
1.1 UNCLOS: the protection and preservation of the marine environment
Article 24 of the 1958 Convention on the High Seas called on States to draw up regulations to prevent the pollution of the seas by the discharge of oil or the dumping of radioactive waste, and Part XII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982 (UNCLOS) now deals with the protection and preservation of the marine environment.